Modern Witches Essay -- Witchcraft Research Papers

Modern WitchesWhile doing research for this paper I decided to talk to near modern mesmerisees. When I informed some of my friends of this the most common remark was Be careful. From these conversations it quickly became evident that most people have no idea what witches believe or regular(a) if they exist. However, almost everyone has an image of an ugly witch on a broom, who kidnaps and eats little children. Kids dress up like her during Halloween, and books like Hansel and Gretel introduce her to each bare-assed generation of children. I became interested in where all these stereotypes about witches come from and how they differ from the reality about witches and Wicca. It seems that most of the stereotypes can be traced to the Middle Ages and the while of the witch craze and the inquisition. 1.The stereotype of witches and where it comes froma.Pre-Christian WitchesAlthough most of the stereotypes of witches can be traced to the Middle Ages, it does not mean that pe ople during this time came up with the description of a witch without prior historical influence. In order to understand what happened during the Middle Ages to create the images of a witch that we know today, it is necessary to go back to pre-Christian times. European witchcraft during the Middle Ages was strongly influenced by beliefs in fast one and sorcery from the Greco-Roman as well as Hebrew times. The Greeks had a sophisticated system of magic that was combined with witchcraft and religion. The highest level of magic was that dealing with the gods. This was the one acceptable form. The two lower levels both deal with individuals who claim to brew potions, recite incantations, or give people magical objects. These people usually sold their... ...with all the other groups that fall under the name of witchcraft. References1.Adler, Margot. Drawing Down the Moon. Boston pharos Press, 19812.Ankarloo, Bengt and Henningsen, Gustav. Early Modern European Witchcraft. Ne w York Oxford University Press, 1990.3.Barry, Jonathan and Hester, Marianne and Roberts, Gareth. Witchcraft in Early Modern Europe. New York Cambridge University Press, 1996. 4.Clark, Stuart. Thinking with Demons. New York Oxford University Press, 1997.5.Farrar, Stewart. What Witches Do. Blaine Phoenix Publishing Inc., 19916.Russell, Jeffrey. A tarradiddle of Witchcraft Sorcerers, Heretics, and Pagans. New York Themes and Hudson Inc. 1983. 7.Starhawk. The Spiral Dance. New York Harper Collins Publisher, 19898.Interview with Seamus McKeon and Sandy Herrera both practicing Wiccans.

Accounting :: Accounting Finances Money Essays

Accounting On September 28, 1998, Chairman of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission Arthur Levitt sounded the call to arms in the monetary community. Levitt asked for, immediate and coordinated action to tally credibility and transparency of financial reporting. Levitts speech emphasized the importance of clear financial reporting to those gathered at New York University. Reporting which has motion to the pressures and tricks of earnings commission. Levitt specifically addresses five of the most popular tricks used by firms to smooth earnings. Secondly, Levitt outlines an eight part action plan to recover the integrity of financial reporting in the U.S. market place. What are the basic objectives of financial reporting? Generally accepted accounting principles provide information that identifies, measures, and communicates financial information approximately economic entities to reasonably knowledgeable users. Information that is a source of decision making for a wide arra y of users, most importantly, by investors and creditors. Investors and creditors who are creditworthy for effective allocation of capital in our economy. If financial reporting becomes obscure and indecipherable, society loses the benefits of effective capital allocation. Nothing illustrates the importance of transparent information separate than the pre-1930s era of anything goes accounting. An era that left a chasm of misinformation in the market. A chasm that was a contributing factor to the market collapse of 1929 and the years of economic depression. An entire society suffered the repercussions of misinformation. Families, and retirees depend on the credibility of financial reporting for their futures and livelihoods. Levitt describes financial reporting as, a bond between the company and the investor which if damaged can thrust disastrous, long-lasting consequences. Once again, the bond is being tested. Tested by a financial community fixated on consensus earnings estimates . The pressure to achieve consensus estimates has never been so intense. The market demands consistency and punishes those who come up short. Eric Benhamou, former CEO of 3COM Corporation, learned this hard lesson over a few short weeks in 1996. Benhamou and shareholders lost $7 billion in market value when 3COM failed to achieve expectations. The pressures are a tangled web of expectations, and conflicts of interest which Levitt describes as almost self-perpetuating. With pressures mounting, the answer from U.S. managers has been earnings management with a mix of managed expectations. March of 1997 Fortune magazine reported that for an unprecedented sixteen consecutive quarters, more S&P 500 companies have puzzle the consensus earnings estimate than missed them.

The Adaption Center for Patients with Cerebral Palsy Essay example --

The adaptations center that I had visited, help enable people with cerebral palsy to function more independently in the community. The adaptation center front entrance is wide with automatic sliding doors, so a person in a wheel chair sewer easily enter independently. The bathroom the door is also wide with an automatically open so that a person in wheel chair freighter easily use. The hallways are spacious for multiple people and wheel chair used. Locker rooms and showers are low to the floor and line up seat to the room so they will have enough space. Its better this way because if the lockers wasnt line up side by side it would be congested and non enough room for wheel chair used. The elevators are wide so that many wheel chair can fit in and save a lot of trips from one floor to another, Also the button in the elevators are big and they are place lower down so it will be easy for wheel chair user to reach . The gym help people with cerebral palsy since the muscles of those are greatly affected by their condition, economic consumption can help improve flex ability, muscl...

Casse Study Essay -- essays research papers

team courting StudyMy team is comprised of a group of individuals specialized in relating to mountain in the automobile industry, mainly car dealers. Our teams goal is to relieve oneself with dealers and to help them understand how to effectively sell vehicles, sight unseen, to internet buyers. These are buyers that will never even see the vehicle or step on the dealers lot. We rich person to teach the dealer how to market and equal to a customer well enough to convince them to buy a car that they will never touch, taste, smell, see, or test drive. In the growing senesce of internet fraud this task becomes difficult, we now have to teach them how to make a customer trust them enough to send money to them, without ever conflict them. The Purpose, and long term goal, of this project is to drive the amount of listings of vehicles for sales on the lay in a way that will help us becoming our yearly goals of high growth.In 2003 during study of sales team environments, Amy Dewey , the director of confidence and association marketing for The American College said, "Different personalities come out in whatever type of team," she says. "You want to be as efficient and effective as possible, but theres going to be that social dimension that may stop something from world as effective as it can be."This was proven to be unfeigned to me when a member of the team had signed an narrative in a territory that belonged to another team member. This had happened to be an account that had been a previous customer of the account owner in a assorted region. The dealership equal had moved to a dealership in this other territory, which did not belong to the account owner, and wanted to start a new account, and deal with the same congressman he had been dealing with for years. The members whose region it was transferred the account to them since it was their area, without notifying the account owner of what she was doing. The account owner found out a nd transferred the account back while she was not in the office, but mentioned it out loud to the rest of the team. A new member of this team, that had everyplace heard the account owner complaining, went to the member that owned the region and amplify the story.This impacted the team in the fact that there were now some infract feelings between these two team members that had worked togeth... ...oid conflict before it happens. When there is conflict, being an anchor member of the team, I have come up with many yeasty solutions to our office conflict. I believe almost all conflict stems from good-for-nothing communication. In 2002 Eric Abrahamson felt, Team conflict can arise from differences between team members in equipment casualty of power, values, and attitudes. It tends to arise when resources are scarce, the team situation is ambiguous, members have different goals, and the tasks assigned have some connection.References1. Different personalities come out in any type o f team," she says. "You want to be as efficient and effective as possible, but theres going to be that social dimension that may prevent something from being as effective as it can be."Author Barry HigginsPublication discipline Underwriter. (Life & health/financial services ed.). Erlanger Sep 8, 2003. Vol. 107, Iss. 36 pg. 122. Team conflict can arise from differences between team members in terms of power, values, and attitudes. It tends to arise when resources are scarce, the team situation is ambiguous, members have different goals, and the tasks assigned have some connection. Casse Study Essay -- essays research papersTeam Case StudyMy team is comprised of a group of individuals specialized in relating to people in the automobile industry, mainly car dealers. Our teams goal is to work with dealers and to help them understand how to effectively sell vehicles, sight unseen, to internet buyers. These are buyers that will never even see the vehicle or step on the dealers lot. We have to teach the dealer how to market and relate to a customer well enough to convince them to buy a car that they will never touch, taste, smell, see, or test drive. In the growing age of internet fraud this task becomes difficult, we now have to teach them how to make a customer trust them enough to send money to them, without ever meeting them. The Purpose, and long term goal, of this project is to drive the amount of listings of vehicles for sales on the site in a way that will help us meet our yearly goals of high growth.In 2003 during study of sales team environments, Amy Dewey, the director of agency and association marketing for The American College said, "Different personalities come out in any type of team," she says. "You want to be as efficient and effective as possible, but theres going to be that social dimension that may prevent something from being as effective as it can be."This was proven to be true to me when a member of the team had signed an account in a territory that belonged to another team member. This had happened to be an account that had been a previous customer of the account owner in a different region. The dealership contact had moved to a dealership in this other territory, which did not belong to the account owner, and wanted to start a new account, and deal with the same representative he had been dealing with for years. The members whose region it was transferred the account to them since it was their area, without notifying the account owner of what she was doing. The account owner found out and transferred the account back while she was not in the office, but mentioned it out loud to the rest of the team. A new member of this team, that had over heard the account owner complaining, went to the member that owned the region and exaggerated the story.This impacted the team in the fact that there were now some hurt feelings between these two team members that had worked togeth... . ..oid conflict before it happens. When there is conflict, being an anchor member of the team, I have come up with many creative solutions to our office conflict. I believe almost all conflict stems from bad communication. In 2002 Eric Abrahamson felt, Team conflict can arise from differences between team members in terms of power, values, and attitudes. It tends to arise when resources are scarce, the team situation is ambiguous, members have different goals, and the tasks assigned have some connection.References1. Different personalities come out in any type of team," she says. "You want to be as efficient and effective as possible, but theres going to be that social dimension that may prevent something from being as effective as it can be."Author Barry HigginsPublication National Underwriter. (Life & health/financial services ed.). Erlanger Sep 8, 2003. Vol. 107, Iss. 36 pg. 122. Team conflict can arise from differences between team members in terms of power, values , and attitudes. It tends to arise when resources are scarce, the team situation is ambiguous, members have different goals, and the tasks assigned have some connection.

cuban missle crisis: a front row seat for the end of the world :: essays research papers

A Front Row Seat for the End of the WorldDuring the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962, I had a front row seat. I was Under Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs and, as a consequence, a member of chairman John Kennedys Executive Committee (ExComm) which dealt with our response. I believe I was the only unity permitted to keep notes of the meetings, and shake up from time to time referred to them over the years. However, my recollections of our debates have been stimulated with the recent release of edited transcripts of the discussions. When in midOctober reconnaissance photos revealed that the Soviets were building missiles and bomber bases in Cuba, I was not surprised. Since July, there had been an increase in shipping from Soviet ports to Mariel in Cuba. On October 11, the French reported that their diplomats had seen trucks loaded with what appeared to be tarpaulin covered missiles lumbering through Havana at night. I thought it probable that these were i ndeed removeensive missiles, despite Soviet pledges that they would never put bases in Cuba and only defensive weapons. My thought at the time was that whatsoever capital of the Russian Federation was up to in Cuba was somehow connected with the lingering crisis over Berlin which had begun the previous August when the East Germans began to construct a wall sealing off the eastern sector. I believed that Khrushchev, recognizing that the importance of the city to the West made the risk of war high, was lying low on that crisis while creating a new one in Cuba with the intent of trading one off against the other, perhaps gaining leverage for concessions. But there were other reasons that the possibility of missiles in Cuba was not farfetched. During the Berlin crisis, close of our contingency planning for military options had been based on estimates of impressive Soviet conventional and nuclear capabilities. For that reason, we had thought the possibility of escalation into a nuclea r war was likely, and the Soviets could complete us very hard. However since then, the double agent Penkovskiy had confirmed what our own intelligence had been suggesting that Soviet nuclear capabilities had been overestimated, and that we held the advantageevidently one of the reasons why Moscow was putting intermediate and medium range missiles in Cuba. I viewed the existence of the missiles as a serious threat. They could reach any number of targets in the coupled States in a short time and, since we had set up no southern early warning system, a surprise attack would put us in a difficult position.

cuban missle crisis: a front row seat for the end of the world :: essays research papers

A Front Row Seat for the End of the WorldDuring the Cuban Missile Crisis in October 1962, I had a front row seat. I was Under Secretary of Defense for International Security Affairs and, as a consequence, a member of President tush Kennedys Executive Committee (ExComm) which dealt with our response. I believe I was the only one permitted to keep notes of the meetings, and have from time to time referred to them over the years. However, my recollections of our debates have been stirred with the recent release of edited transcripts of the discussions. When in midOctober reconnaissance photos revealed that the Soviets were building missiles and bomber bases in Cuba, I was not surprised. Since July, there had been an increase in transport from Soviet ports to Mariel in Cuba. On October 11, the French reported that their diplomats had seen trucks loaded with what appeared to be tarpaulin covered missiles lumbering through Havana at night. I fancy it probable that these were indeed of fensive missiles, despite Soviet pledges that they would never put bases in Cuba and only defensive weapons. My thought at the time was that whatever capital of the Russian Federation was up to in Cuba was somehow connected with the lingering crisis over Berlin which had begun the previous August when the East Germans began to construct a wall sealing off the eastern sector. I believed that Khrushchev, recognizing that the importance of the city to the West made the risk of war high, was lying low on that crisis while creating a new one in Cuba with the intent of trading one off against the other, perhaps gaining leverage for concessions. But there were other reasons that the possibility of missiles in Cuba was not farfetched. During the Berlin crisis, most of our fortuity planning for military options had been based on estimates of impressive Soviet conventional and nuclear capabilities. For that reason, we had thought the possibility of escalation into a nuclear war was likely, and the Soviets could hit us very hard. However since then, the double agent Penkovskiy had confirmed what our own intelligence had been suggesting that Soviet nuclear capabilities had been overestimated, and that we held the advantageevidently one of the reasons why Moscow was putt intermediate and medium range missiles in Cuba. I viewed the existence of the missiles as a serious threat. They could reach any number of targets in the United States in a short time and, since we had set up no southern early warning system, a surprise attack would put us in a difficult position.

Behaviour Self Management Essay

Behaviour Self-Management Project to Increase Studying Behaviour Behaviour Modification is a technique or approach used by demeanoral psychologists to modify a ill-tempered behaviour and is largely used in a clinical or educational setting, particularly with those with learning disabilities (Atherton, 2011). Moreover, it also considered to be a interposition approach, as it substitutes undesirable behaviours with desired ones through the process of positive or negative strengthener (Gary, 1988).Furthermore, behaviour accommodation has been used to treat numerous mental problems such as obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), phobias, enuresis, speak anxiety disorder, legal separation anxiety disorder and many more. Subsequently, this technique has also been used to correct maladaptive behaviours by changing undesirable behaviours such as smoking, overeating, nail bristled and others, as it aims to encourage the substitution of go od behaviours such as dealing, weight loss and etc (ODonohue and Ferguson, 2006).The principles of behaviour modification were first developed by B. F Skinner, who had explicate the concept of operant instruct. Skinner, had developed the concept of positive reinforcement or punishment, whereby behaviours are changed or encouraged through a reward system. Furthermore, the operant conditioning theory also states that for learning to occur, it is of the essence(predicate) that the subject is an active participant (Sheldon, 1982).In addition, behaviour modification was also formulated by Ivan Pavlov and is famously know as consortical conditioning, as it is merely ground on a stimuli-response formula. Besides that, Albert Bandura also contributed to behaviour modification principles, through his theory of social manikin (Baldwin & Baldwin, 1981). The theory states that learning occurs as a result of copying or imitating other people, and is termed as vicarious learning. Additional ly, the theory also states that external reinforcers are important because it enables learning to occur independently of the reinforcements.Consequently, behaviour modification underlies a number of theoretical positions such that human behaviour can easily be influenced by the presentation of consequences and could be strengthened if the behaviour is followed by rewards, as intumesce as substandard if followed by negative consequences (Guez & Allen, 2000). Moreover, human behaviour is not and controlled by internal factors, but is also driven by external factors such as social rewards like praises or gifts.Thus, the principles of behaviour modification is unalike compared to other techniques in changing behaviours, because it addresses the surrounding factors as well as individual factors that can promote or derail behaviour change. Additionally, behaviour modification has also proved its effectiveness in increasing students appropriate classroom behaviours. A hire had employed behaviour modification in devil piece grade Negro girls in a demonstration school for the culturally deprived (Wasik, Senn, Welch, & Cooper, 1969).Data placid in the study was based on type, succession, and frequency of teachers verbal interactions with the student. The study also had implemented an ABAB design, whereas intervention included positive social reinforcement when appropriate behaviours occurred. punishment had included the use of timeout from social reinforcements, as these behaviours were contingent on inappropriate attention getting behaviours. It was observed that later 25 twenty-four hour periods, desirable behaviour in the classroom had change magnitude remarkably from 80. % in baseline to 99. 20% in treatment and continued to remain high even after three months.Therefore, this shows that behaviour modification is an effective method to increment desirable behaviours. Target Behaviour It is essential and important that the target behaviour an individual w ants to change is operationally defined. The particular behaviour would also require assessment, through collection of the baseline data. Furthermore, the behaviour that I want to change is to increase my examine behaviour, which is a behavioural deficit.always since I was in school, I was always known to study towards the end of the semester and could generally be considered as last minute perusal. Subsequently, I would tend to be easily distracted by external stimuli such as watching movies or series on the computer, calling up friends and talking for hours as well as easily persuaded to go out. I fox been known since young to be very outgoing, thus whenever friends call and ask me to meet up with them, I am bound to go.Therefore, it usually delays my ability to follow my studying schedule that I have created before the semester chutes. Moreover, my main antecedent that unable me to complete my suggested twain hours studying per night every weekday is also because I have a te ndency to download movies or series on the computer and wasting 4 hours or more watching it. There are also consequences that I face because of my procrastination to study, because after watching these series, I would only tend to study less than an hour or not at all if I am tired.Consequently, I would cram all the materials during study week and end up being exhausted. This also is a reason as to why I tend to get ill during exam week, because it causes me to have high level of direction and in turn would affect my health. Hence, these are valid reasons as to why I feel like I need to change my behaviour and start studying more hours as I should so that I would not be stressed out during exams. Besides that, stress could also cause ulcers and the usual cold, which in turn could be a setback to me during exam week as I am prone to get ulcers.Additionally, it would also stop me to counsel more to improve my grade ratings to my expectations as I will soon complete my undergraduat e program. Other than that, increasing my studying behaviour would also allow me to get sufficient sleep and rest for the upcoming exam and it would also benefit me in terms of managing my time efficiently. Method Design The design that I have chosen for this particular self management project is the ABAB reversal design.This design represents the attempt to first measure the baseline, the treatment that follows the initial baseline, the introduction of the second baseline as well as the reintroduction of the treatment again. Additionally, this method of application dishs identify the effects of treatment and measure what happens when treatment is removed. Hence, this research design would help establish whether functional alliance exists between the target behaviour and intervention.Materials The materials used in this project include a structured diary that is recorded in the computer, behaviour contract, handphone, post-it notes, playing cards and reminders. Procedure Addition ally, for this particular behaviour modification project, the operational definition is first defined as reading pages from the textbook and underlining as well as understanding sentences in the text and reading notes from the lectures for two hours.Furthermore, the behaviour would be recorded through self monitoring during baseline and treatment compass point as the behaviour does not occur frequently throughout the day and it only occurs during the period when no one else is around to observe. The observational period is recorded in the natural setting, which is in the study room at my home, and it is where studying behaviour typically occurs.The type of behavioural recording used is the duration recording, whereby studying behaviour is observed for two hours, between 8. 30p. m to 10. 0p. m on weekdays only. Next, in order to increase studying behaviour during weekdays, a generalised conditioned reinforcer, which is the token economy system is used because it reinforces the beha viour and minimises the need to use reactive strategies to deal with setbacks as well as it enables the ability to partner off up with a variety of other reinforcers. In addition, the token economy is a playing card with my housemates signature on it, and one card would be given each day, whenever the desired behaviour occurred at least 2 hours a day.Furthermore, the acquired tokens would be eligible to trade with certain privileges and would be forgo if the behaviour does not meet the expected requirements. Hence, a variety of backup reinforces are used in exchange with the accumulated playing cards on every Friday to determine the type of privileges that would be given and further information is provided in the behavioural contract (Appendix A). Besides that, punishment would be provided if I give away to meet the expected requirement.Additionally, the schedule of reinforcement chosen for this particular project is fixed interval, whereby studying behaviour is reinforced only i f it occurs for at least two hours. The behaviour occurrence would also be recorded in the computer, as the behaviour occurs at home in the study room. Besides that, during the treatment period, my friends and housemate have also promised to give me social support and reinforcements. In addition, various types of response and stimulus prompts are also used in this project. Verbal prompts such as reminders to study are used by friends and housemates to evoke the desired behaviour in myself.They will do this by not persuading me to go out with them and reminding me to study instead. Furthermore, environmental prompts are also used in this project such as post its on the mirror, computer in the study room and class file that I carry to class every day, as well as using the hand phone to set alarm to study. In addition, indoors prompt fading was used in the second treatment period, for response prompts, whereby friends and boyfriend provided fewer verbal prompts as the week progresse d during treatment period.Next, stimulus fading was also used in the second treatment period for environmental prompts, whereby on the first day, removal of alarm clock would be used and for attendant days, one post its would be removed from either the mirror, computer or class file until the last day of treatment. Results The baseline and treatment data was collected for a period of four weeks and intervention was use during treatment 1 and treatment 2. Figure 1 Studying behaviour in baseline and treatment weeks.Figure 1 shows that during the first baseline, studying behaviour did not occur at all for the first two days, one hour for the third, again none on the fourth and two hours on the fifth day. Hence, the average studying hours for the first baseline week is 0. 4 hours or 24 minutes. Furthermore, this could be clearly seen in the structured diary attached for the first baseline (Appendix B). Next, intervention took place in the second week, whereby various strategies were u sed to increase studying behaviour.Results showed that studying behaviour had occurred for two hours for the first and second day, one hour for the third day, two hours for the fourth day, and none on the fifth day. This shows that studying behaviour had increased to an average of 1. 4 hours a day and that there was an increase of 50% from the initial baseline to the treatment period. Moreover, the self management project had returned to baseline on the third week and results showed that studying behaviour had occurred for 2. hours on the first day, one hour on the second, none on the third and fourth and two hours on the fifth day.Thus, the average studying behaviour was 1. 1 hours a day for the second baseline period. Although the average hours were less compared to the treatment period, however, there was definitely an increase compared to the first baseline period, whereby average hours were only 0. 4 hours. Next, intervention was again applied and the second treatment results s howed that studying behaviour occurred for one hour on the first day, 2. hours on the second, two hours on the third, one hour on the fourth, and two hours on the fifth day. Hence, the average studying hours is approximately 1. 7 hours a day. Thus, this also shows that there is an increase of studying behaviour between the second baseline and second treatment period. Besides that, there is also a swag increase from the initial baseline and second treatment period, that precedes to fluctuate in the second baseline, when intervention was removed.DiscussionThe behaviour modification project to increase studying behaviour was definitely a success because the graphs showed an increase in hours of studying as compared to the baseline data, thus indicating that there us a functional relationship between the target behaviour and the procedure. Furthermore, it is clear that the token economy system was a contributor to the success of increasing studying behaviour because once token economy was removed in the second baseline the target behaviour had decreased tremendously.In addition, the target behaviour had increased when the second intervention was applied in the fourth week. Moreover, the use of reinforcements and punishment also helped me to keep myself motivated and determined to achieve the weekly goal that was set. Besides that, the use of within stimulus fading helped me generalise my behaviour to the subsequent weeks ahead, thus I had gradually adjusted myself with getting used to having less and less prompts throughout the week.However, there were also some limitations in this project, whereby, the duration of treatment intervention is too short to allow the behaviour to fully adjust and be generalised without the use of prompts. In addition, self monitoring was used during observation of behaviour for the baseline data. Observer may not be trained enough to record her own behaviour, hence data may not be as reliable as compared to having an inter rater obs ervation. Moreover, the implementation of reinforcement contingency was my housemate, and sometimes the reinforcements were given a day later because she is not around.This has affected the effectiveness of the token as a reinforcing consequence as some deliveries of the token did not occur immediately after the response occurred according to the expected schedule. Furthermore, due to the delay between the response and token, it could have also affected the connection strength of the behaviour. In conclusion, behaviour modification is definitely an effective treatment method to help increase, decrease or develop new behaviours and it is applicable to use in a variety of convoluted behaviours.

John Collier “Back for Christmas” Essay

The text Back for Christmas by John Collier is written in a style of fiction. The story is about farewell party to the doctor Carpenter and his wife.In the beginning of the text we can see the Carpenters living room that was filled with the close friends who had come to avow endure-minute farewell the author used this epithet to show us that their friends would be missing him very much.On the contrary with his wife doctor Carpenter wasnt sure he would come in time, he thought smth could spoil his plans.But his wife beaming at them said he would be post in England for Christmas. The metaphor is used to reassure everybody to make them believe in this.So, the farewells began. Mrs Carpenter tried her best to make all the arrangements on the high direct and to prove it the author used such epithet as fluting of compliments and marvelous arrangements.Carpenters were going to drive to Southampton that evening and would embark the following day. They attain chosen this kind of transp ort for more comfortable travelling without any bustle. And to emphasize it the author the used the repetition No trains, no bustle, no last minute worries.So doctor Carpenter has contracted for lecture only three months and certainly he would be a great success in America. His wife Hermione has just tagged a long him to have some entertainments to see the big cities skyscrapers.Then the author uses repetitions No extensions. No wonderful post that show us that his infirmary needs him.After the farewell dinner the maids washed up all the plates, come in to say goodbye and were in time to catch the afternoon bus to Devizes.So, to my mind, the main idea of the text east or west home is the best.

Remember the titans Essay

Gary, the police squad captain, and Julius, his sour roommate, got off to a rough start. In the beginning, individually disliked the different intensely. a) Describe why they disliked each other so much. b) In the movie, the two young men had a heart-to heart talk where each angrily told the other how he authentically felt. Describe the episode and why it was so significant. 1. A) Gary and Julius disliked each other because of the color of their skin and both of them thought that the other was non doing their job of a leader and bringing the team together.These boys were fearful of the change and each other, which lead them to avoid each other as much as possible. When together, the boys would communicate in unproductive ways they treated each other with complete disrespect and without trust for one another. b) In their heart-to heart talk, Gary tells Julius that he is wasting his football giving by not listening to anyone. After an intense practice, Gerry and Julius bumped into each other. Gerry, tired of added practices that Boone had enforced, took advantage of the setuation by trying to gather facts to tell Boon.Gerry ended up accusing Julius of macrocosm selfish a stubborn butterflyer with a bad attitude. Julius responded to Gerry in a way that allowed Gerry to realize that he wasnt being a true leader. Julius highlighted that his white buddies were not blocking for Rev. In that moment, Gerry realised that he hadnt been a good team captain as he had been treating players unequally. 2) Other than Gary, Julius, and the two coaches, describe two other individuals who made a difference and who made a significant contribution to the success of the Titans. 2.The two other individuals that made a difference were Lewis Lastik and Ronnie Bass . Lewis Lastik was the first person who talked with someone from the other race and got along with them. When he was questioned by Julius why he was not sitting with his own race, he replied by saying that he is w ith everyone no matter their color. He showed how teammates should interact and behave with each other. Ronnie Bass also had a huge impact on the team. After Jerry Harris was injured, Ronnie Bass stepped in his place and emerged as one of the leaders of the team.Even though he was different from everyone else, he got along with everyone and help the team grow. 3) Provide three examples which illustrate how a friend or out attituder was able to help another to listen blind discerns. 3. 1) Gary had the blind spot and Julius helped him to see it. The blind spot was that Gary was not doing his job as being the leader of the team and treating everyone equally. This was significant because it helped Gary realize that he is not trying his best to be a leader and bring together all his teammates.Coach Boone had the blind spot and Coach Yoast helped him to see it. The blind spot was that Coach Boone cared more about winning games and about him being a winner. This was significant because, Coach Boone realized that he was blinded by his own competition about winning games and being seen as a winner and he should care more about his players. 3) Coach Yoast had the blind spot and his daughter Sheryl Yoast helped him to see it. The blind spot was that Coach Yoast had too much pride in himself to ask for coach Boones help on defense.This was significant because Coach Yoast realized that in order to win the game, he needs Coach Boones help. 4) Identify two conflict styles one utilise by Gary and one used by Julius and provide specific examples. 4. Gary used the Competing conflict style. The competing style has a win-lose approach in which the conflict is solved in the favor of the person who wants instruction of the situation and has low concern for others. Gary used this style when he was talking to Coach Boone about reserving half of the starting positions for the white players and not needing any lightlessness players on the defense.He also used this style , when J ulius put up a picture of the famous Black Power Salute on his side of the room and Gary wanted him to remove the picture which led to a fight between them and some of the other players. Julius used the Collaborating conflict style. In this conflict style, the two parties involved share their ideas and work together to solve a problem. This conflict style has a win-win approach. Julius used his style when Gary failed to show up to his house to play basketball and the conflict among the two started to build again, Julius went to Garys house to retain the close friendship that they had built.Describe three things that Coach Boone did in order to turn the racial hostility into a unified team effort and explain the import of each of the three examples. 5. 1) When the team was leaving for camp, all the white players and the black players were sitting in separate buses, when Coach Boone noticed this, he had all the defensive players sit in one bus and all the offensive players sit on th e other bus. On the buses, he had everyone sit with someone from the other race and the two people sitting together had tobe roommates throughout the camp. The significance of this change was that it let the players know that there will be no differences among the two races and everyone should treat each other equally. 2) Coach Boone had all of his players meet and disclose about someone from the other race and report to him until they have met everyone of the opposite race that was on the team. The significance of this was that Coach Boone wanted all to players to know each other and decrease the racial tension among the two races.3) Coach Boone took the team on a run to the Gettysburg field. On this field , the Battle of Gettysburg took place. This was significant because it showed the team that if they dont come together and get rid of the hate, they will be destroyed just like the many lives that were lost during that Battle of Gettysburg. commend the Titans Case Study by Manp reet Singh Harjot Samra Interpersonal Communication Professor Bart Chudleigh August 10, 2013

Bahlawane discussion Essay

Conclusion Taking in account the scheme of galactoglucan syndissertation regulation (Fig. 4. 1) and the scheme of move regulation (Fig. 4. 2) proposed in this study, we may try to follow the effect of such regulation paths in the life styles of the bacteria. The last one is named as free aliveness microorganism or as symbiont in the plant group. In the first case, the bacteria be exposed to dryness and nutrients starvation. At this stage, the biofilm production is a pre-requisite for survival. Therefore, the EPSs biosynthesis has to be switched ON.As it is quite improbable that the cell density is high enough to stir up the quorum sleuthing system, we can speculate that MucR plays a attain role in activating the succinoglycan biosynthesis. Since the soil exhibits very low level of Pi, galactoglucan is, at this point produced through the activation via phoB and WggR. Upon biofilm formation, the cell density probably increases and could activate the quorum sensing system, allo wing the bacteria to produce more galactoglucan and swarm towards better conditions.In such conformation, the cells present within the centre of the swarming population are non motile and synthesized EPS consequently the cells present at the migration front are highly motile but do not synthesized EPS. It would be interesting to clarify whether a cell variousiation, as proposed by Soto (Soto et al. , 2002), takes place at this stage. Finally, if the host is present in the next neighbourhood the chemotactic compounds, as well as the nutrients found in the rood exudates, ordain attract the bacteria.When approaching the root, the moisture increases, along with the nutrients availability so that swarming motility will be replaced by swimming motility that decline progressively. Indeed, the bacteria given all over to the root, increasing the cell density that may lead to the inhibition of flagella production via ExpR / QS. Instead, EPS are produced, allowing recognition between the plant and the microbe as well as the invasion of the sweet synthesized infection thread. Once within the root, the bacteria will differentiate to bacteroid and start fixing nitrogen.We tried to highlight in this thesis the relevance of exopolysaccharides and motility for an efficient symbiosis. Great advances have been made the last years, leading to the identification of the quorum sensing interaction with motility. We participate in inclusion of MucR, as new regulator of motility and ExpR as requisite for swarming. However, the full understanding of the influence of motility in symbiosis establishment will require finding out which signals are inducing mucR and exoR/ exoS.Moreover, some tests have to be implemented to investigate the symbiosis establishment in more realistic conditions. Indeed, the bacteria are usually directly inoculated to the root, so that motility, via swarming or swimming is not required. Acknowledgments First and foremost, I would like to thank Prof. Dr. A lfred Puhler, Chair of the Genetics department, for allowing me use the very correct infrastructure that promotes a very pleasant and conducive atmosphere during my research using performant techniques. I am especially grateful to Prof.Dr. Anke Becker, my supervisor, for giving me the chance to keep down back to research. Without her advices, ideas and resources, this work would not be possible and achieved. Thus, I thank her too for the freedom she gave me, as well as her support to test new ideas and her great help by conceiving and writing the manuscripts that become the pillars of this manuscript. Within the laboratory members, I would like to thank first Dr. Birgit Baumgarth who introduced me to the lab and to the investigated organism.Then, special thanks to Dr.Matthew McIntosh for the quorum sensing related work and his help for preparing the derived publication. Furthermore, I would like to deeply thank Dr. Natasha Pobigaylo for her friendship, her helpful discussions and for giving me courage when I am about to lose it. I thank Manuela Mayer, too, for the assistance in microarray hybridizations as well as Dr. Lisa Krol, Javier Serrania and Thomas Montfort for the everyday help in the lab. Finally, I would like to thank all Exopol grouping members for the support and advices.Least, I would like to thank my family for their unending and heartwarming support in many ways. Special thanks to Rachida Bendaou, my mother-in-law, for her support in caring my children during my research. I would like to thank my children, Ines, Soraya and Jasmine, for filling up my life with love and happiness. I would like to apologize for the bad mood and stress situations that are unfortunately affiliated with such a thesis. My heartfelt gratitude to my understanding and loving husband, Naoufal, for his moral and financial support, for believing in me and for sharing the passion for science with me.Resume In auberge to enter symbiosis with its legume partner, Sinorhizo bium meliloti has to face continual changing conditions. It has more ability to adapt quickly to the situation than the ability to face it efficiently that makes the rest in term of symbiosis efficiency. For the first interactions with its host, motility is required by S. meliloti to move towards the chemotactic compounds released by its host when exopolysaccharides (EPSs) are required later on, for the attachment to the root as well as for the invasion of the infection thread, leading to the formation of the root nodule.We focused in this study the regulatory networks leading to the coordination of motility and EPSs production in the strain Rm2011. Depending on the phosphate concentration encountered in the environment Rm2011 synthesizes two different exopolysaccharides (EPS). Galactoglucan (EPS II) is produced under phosphate starvation but in addition in the presence of extra copies of the transcriptional regulator WggR (ExpG) or as a consequence of a mutation in mucR. The gala ctoglucan biosynthesis gene cluster contains the operons wga (expA), wge (expE), wgd (expD), and wggR (expG). ii promoters, differentially controlled by WggR, PhoB, and MucR, were identified upstream of each of these operons. The proximal promoters of the wga, wge, and wgd transcription units were constitutively active when separated from the upstream regulatory sequences. Promoter activity studies and the positions of predicted PhoB and WggR binding sites suggested that the proximal promoters are cooperatively induced by PhoB and WggR. MucR was shown to strongly inhibit the distal promoters and bound to the DNA in the vicinity of the distal transcription start sites.An redundant inhibitory effect on the distal promoter of the structural galactoglucan biosynthesis genes was identified as a new feature of WggR in a mucR mutant. front is organized in S. meliloti in a hierarchical cascade, with Class Ia genes, encoding the major regulator of motility VisNR controlling the expression of the class Ib gene, rem, which encodes a key regulator, activating the expression of the downstream Class II and class III genes. We could demonstrate that MucR binds a DNA sequence upstream of rem, following a different mechanism as previously observed upon binding upstream of the wg genes.By this way, MucR inhibits rem expression as well as the expression of the Rem-regulated genes such as flaF and flgG. Furthermore, we addressed a balance of the swimming and swarming abilities of several S. meliloti strains derivatives of Rm2011.We could show that all strains, able to build flagella, were swimming on low viscosity agar plates. However, swarming over high viscosity agar plates required all a functional expR / sin locus, the ability to build flagellum and the production of exopolysaccharides. Finally, we propose a form for the coordination of motility and EPSs synthesis in S. meliloti.

Human Resources Group and Individual Incentive Plans Essay

There have been many discussions in business regarding the relative merits or offering group or case-by-case inducing plans. Research shows each option has its merits and drawbacks.Group incentive plansAdvantages DisadvantagesGroup bonuses encourage collective effort. 1) Disadvantage the hardest workerBoosts worker morale 2) Can aim to individual resentmentRaises lowest worker production levels 3) Reduces production to average levelsEncourages teamwork 4) Discourages individual flairEasier to calculate rewards 5) Financial disadvantage for dedicationIndividual incentive plansAdvantages DisadvantagesDirectly impacts on worker pay. 1) Tends to discourage teamworkIndividual talent recognized 2) Can cause friction in the workplaceRewards commensurate with effort 3) Creates dissimilitudeImproves chances of career advancement 4) difficult to control productionEnvisaging a position where I will become the owner of a Dance Club, my personal quality of incentive plan would be for the ind ividual method. The reason for this is that in my view the personal and business sides of the human character respond best to a competitive situation. We set ourselves targets to better ourselves, and thus the expectation is that we will be rewarded for this. We strive to be better than others to be the best in our chosen role, and we expect for this to be recognized. Whilst being a team player is important, being recognized for achievement is extremely important. A good example of this can be seen in sport, where soccer players play as a team, but like to be recognized and appreciated for their individual talents.

Mobile Phone and Habits Modern Gadgets

Facilitating Communication With devices like the cell phone, the BlackBerry and the laptop computer, people nooky communicate easily while on the go. Businesspeople can stay in touch with clients or the office while waiting for a canvas or when in transit, which can increase their productivity. Parents can supply their children with cell phones so they can keep in touch with them when theyre away from home. Texting allows individuals to exchange picture messages quickly without the need for face-to-face or telephone conversations. Shopping Habits Modern gadgets also influence how people conduct routine daily activities such as shopping. With the implement of a computer with an Internet connection, consumers can easily compare products, gain a wide range of product information and conduct the replete(p) shopping transaction without having to leave their homes or offices. According a 2009 Pew Research Center study, 80 percent of Americans age 33 to 44 indicated they purchased prod ucts online and 67 percent did their banking via the Internet. Sponsored Lin Health and Safety Issues oOn the downside, overuse of electronic gadgets can have an adverse effect on health and safety.According to the Med India website, a Carnegie Mellon University study indicated, extensive use of the Internet or playing video games can lead to social isolation and even depression. Stress levels can also increase, as mobile colloquy devices can make it more difficult for users to disconnect from work and find time to relax. According to the Washington Post, a 2010 National Safety Council Study indicated that 28 percent of traffic accidents in the United States occur due to people talking on cell phones or texting while behind the wheel. Inappropriate behaviour In some cases, modern gadgets and their associated technologies can facilitate inappropriate behavior. Online predators can use the relative anonymity erectd by an Internet chat room to stun as a teenager and lure a teen int o a potentially dangerous situation. Social media websites such as Facebook and Twitter can provide convenient avenues for cyber bullying, such as when teens use these vehicles to intimidate or humiliate other teens. Individuals may also use their cell phones to engage in expectant or harassing behavior via text messaging. Sponsored Links

Brand Valuation

Methods of bulls eye Valuation The various modes of marker military rating can be placed into four categories (1) greet- found sexual climaxes (2) market-based preliminaryes (3) income-based approaches and (4) formulary approaches incorporating future benefits or comparative advantages. Cost-based admittancees This method considers the bells involved in creating the shuffle through the stages of research and development of the product concept, market testing, continued promotion during commercialization, and product gains all oer time.Historically based, this approach is the rating technique that complies with standard accounting practice for valuating assets. It is also the well-nigh conservative method of valuation and provides little future-oriented information that is reclaimable in the note commission process. However, this technique fails to capture hold dear-added through the application of effective strategic brand management activities and processes. Market -based Approaches This valuation method is a practically more externally focused approach.It is based on an estimation of the amount for which a brand can be sold. This method requires creation able to specialize a market value. In the absence of an actual market for most brands, this can be a difficult estimation challenge. To circumvent this problem, proxies ar created based upon how the financial markets presage the value associated with the brand. One way to determine the financial market effects is to separate tangible assets from intangible assets. The market value created by the intangibles can be inferred once the entire value of the firm is determined.The consultants Trademark and Licensing Associates create a similar estimation by comparing the brand being valued to the performance of a nonher substitute brand that is unrelated to the firm. The method is much more realistic if a similar brand exists in the food market for comparison purposes. Income-based Approache s The valuation process involves determining future net revenues directly attributable to the brand and whence send awaying to the present value using an appropriate discount rate. Several methods may be used to determine net revenue.One method compares the brands price premium to a generic productone that exists in the marketplace without benefit of marketing investment and name ownership. A second method estimates the annual royalties associated with the brand, as in a licensing agreement. This approach to valuation is by and large more applicable to brands competing in international markets. An alternative approach relies on the strength of brand name recognition to estimate revenue. The branded product is then compared to a generic product to estimate volume. Formula ApproachesThese approaches consider multiple criteria in arriving at a brand value. The consulting firm Interbrand and Financial World snip use similar methods that are based on an income approach. Interbrand d eveloped its formula approach in the context of external financial reporting, but indicates that the approach to valuation is also very suitable for indwelling management purposes. The Interbrand approach uses a three-year leaden average of scratchs after tax as an indicator of brand profitability. In calculating brand profitability, Interbrand strives to consider only factors that relate directly to the brands identity.This is often difficult because the company may not consider specific functions as separate from the brand. For example, much of a brands success might be attributable to the distribution system, which supports the brand but is likely not a key broker of its identity. Once brand profitability is determined, a multiplier is attached to the calculation. The multiplier is created from an evaluation of brand strength based on seven factors, which are weighted according to Interbrands guidelines. Leadership This is the ability of the brand to function as a market leade r and secure the benefits associated with holding a dominant market share. constancy Brands that retain their image and consumer loyalty over long periods of time are more valuable than brands without such stability. Market Brands in certain product markets are more valuable than brands in other markets because of their ability to generate greater sales volume in a more stable environment with greater barriers to entry from competitors. Internationality Brands that are international in scope possess the potential to expand the brand and are more valuable than regional or national brands. Trend This is the ability of the brand to remain current in the perception of consumers.Support Brands that have been consistently managed and supported by the organization over time are much more valuable than brands that have functioned without any organizational investment. Protection This factor relates to the legal issues associated with the brand. Brands that are protected by registered tradem arks are more valuable in that the organization has the legal right to protect the brand. Financial World arrives at a valuation by estimating the operating profit attributable to a brand and then comparing it to an unbranded product.The resulting premium associated with the brand is adjusted for taxes, and then multiplied by the above seven-item factor using Interbrands assessment of brand strength. Aakers Brand Equity Ten concentrates on five categories of measures to establish a comprehensive assessment of brand equity. Specific measures of price premium, merriment or loyalty, perceived quality, and leadership or popularity add a customer focus to the valuation methods. Other customer-oriented measures include perceived value, brand personality, organizational associations, and brand awareness.External measures of market share and market price and distribution coverage complete the set of criteria. Overall, the superiority of the formulary approaches lies in the comprehensive na ture of these measures. The formulary valuation process allows for the most comprehensive assessment of all areas that have the potential to affect the ability of the brand to generate value for its owner. Brand valuation appears to be the most promising technique capable of illustrating the importance of the brand to managers while also bridging the different orientations between marketers and accountants.Since the value of the brand can be expressed in monetary terms, all decision makers have a common point of reference. The measure of brand value may include prejudiced elements, but the lack of such a measure means that the importance of intangible assets may be overlooked. The use of brand valuation can help foster a recognition of a common goal for individuals in pursuing strategic objectives. Each discipline can contribute a potent amount of expertise to the brand valuation process. This joint contribution can then assist the organization with brand management.Cost Approach The cost approach is a valuation technique that estimates value based on the cost required to create the item. Under the cost approach, the actual dollars spent to build a brand are analyzed. While it is difficult to isolate and quantify all historic expenditures incurred in building a brand, it may be possible to name external marketing costs, including media and promotional spending. This approach can be a highly conservative estimate of the brand value because the cost approach does not factor all costs incurred in building the brand.For example labor costs, other overhead, soft dollar costs, the cost of trademark registration or internal marketing time, just to name a few costs, may not be specifically identifiable and therefore difficult to factor in. Additionally, the historical cost approach does not consider future economic benefits of a branding campaign. As media markets have become more competitive in recent years, the cost of recreating a brand would most likely exceed the historical cost even in real terms.Therefore, the cost approach may be considered as a baseline value of a brand by which to measure future investment. Market Approach The market approach is a valuation method that estimates value based on actual market transactions. The market approach requires the collection of market data from comparable transactions and analysis of the data to estimate the value of the brand through comparison and correlation. AbsoluteBrand combines information and research from our proprietary databases and external market data. The market approach is helpful in researching for potential licensing transactions.Income Approach The most accurate valuation of a brand is the present value of the incremental profit attributable to that brand. The income approach is based on the present value of an income blow. This approach to valuation is based on the assumption that if the brands underlying product or service did not own its trademarks it would need to licen ce them from a third party trademark owner. Ownership of its trademarks therefore relieves it from paying a license fee (the royalty) for the use of the third party trademarks.It requires the development of income stream projections that are then discounted for risk and the time value of money, i. e. , present-valued as of a certain date. Under the income approach, a complex model integrates historic and forecast financial results, market risk and brand contribution. The result can be a static brand valuation as of a particular date or it can be transformed into a dynamic brand management model. A brand valuation under the income approach is comprised of three main variables 1. reckon Income Statements from the Branded Business.The valuation model is segmented to reflect the relevant competitive environment within which the brand operates and forecasts are made. This information is gathered through management input and market research information. 2. Royalty. The brand is benchmark ed and comparable brand royalty rates are researched and then applied to a forecast revenue streams. 3. Brand Risk Rates. The brands contribution to wampum is analyzed to establish the security of future brand earnings using consumer research and competitor review.This approach utilizes sound valuation principles, namely the discounted cash flow analysis along with quantifiable market research and it relies on the forecast amount of operating earnings that are attributable to the brand. The future expected brand earnings are then present-valued using a discount rate that factors in the risks associated with achieving those future brand earnings. ? Cost-Based Approaches Cost-Based Approaches involve calculating the costs associated with Creating the brand (market research, development of the product concept, arket testing, packaging, advertising, etc. ) Continued promotion through the product life cycle Product improvement over time and the insuring costs connected with the produ ct improvement According to Strategic Brand Valuation A Cross-Function Perspective by Karen Cravens and Chris Guilding (Business Horizons, July/August, 1999) the cost-based method is the most conservative method of valuation and provides little future-oriented information that is useful in the brand management process.

A Synopsis of the Movie Fight Club Essay

The photo begins as shite, the protagonist, is trapped in a state of insomnia by his affair at calculating the cost of rec alling a faulty car as opposed to paying court of justice settle handsts to the relatives of the people killed by that car. He then recommends the one that seems less(prenominal) expensive. While he tries to argue with a doctor about how he can start sleeping, the doctor happens to bring a sarcastic keep an eye on about how if he wants to see real pain he should go to a support concourse for men with testicular cancer. Jack takes this remark literally. It is there that he meets Bob, whom I shall describe shortly. Anywhere, he begins to vex the support groups addictive, and attends more than and more of them, and finds that they leave behind him to sleep. Soon after in the movie we find Jack meeting Tyler Durden on a plane trip, and when his apartment later explodes Jack meets Tyler Durden in a bar. Having agree to let Jack stay at his ho utilisation, Ty ler asks Jack to punch him. He tells Jack this will provoke him feel that his life was indeed exciting, and Jack obliges. They begin to charge, and others begin to stand around, wanting to join as well. They gather together, protesting amongst themselves that ball club was trying to turn them into wimpy and uniform machines and pr correctting them from feeling like real people, ceaselessly telling them that they need to misdirect all sorts of stuff that they only need because the advertisements said they did.Pretty soon there be weekly gatherings of these men, waiting for a chance to fight one other, and then they fire into the basement of a local bar. More and more men begin to attend stir confederacy with the express agreement that they would not mention it, and rumors begin to circulate of Clubs in other cities. Gradually Durden begins to make the Club more involved, giving out homework assignments such as to start a fight with a stranger and lose. Thus Jack finds hims elf watching as Durden institutes look Mayhem, an outward attempt at changing society based on widespread attacks on coffee franchises and corporate artwork. Finally Durden plots to box up ten major credit card companies, with the intent that to erase everyones debt would create funny farm, and allow society to re- organize itself from that chaos. Many critics of the movie found it to portray antisocial behaviors as a validated bearing of expressing oneself. (Particularly if only the beginning and middle of this movie are looked at.) They argue that its violence is there just to draw an audience. This is supported by numerous instances of young men and boys vandalizing cars as was turn ine in the movie or forming clubs of their confess. Therefore worldly concerny say that the movie succeeds in condoning what the ending condemns.They say that it promotes violence by making it seem so attractive in muck of the movie, regardless of the conclusion. With this argument in mind, w e shall stay fresh with our analysis of the movie itself. One of the principal themes in support Club is its manipulation of violence and its birth with maleness. The men in the inject are portrayed as confronting a society which gives them little mean and refuses to give them what they feel to be a birthright, a meaningful, productive place in society. Tyler Durden, the leader of Fight Club and the manife target of the angry, alienated, and utilisationless feeling, articulates this, Were the middle children of history, with no special purpose or place. We dont have a expectant war in our generation, or a big(p) depression. The great depression is our lives. The great war is a spiritual war.We have been raised by television to view that well be millionaires and movie gods and rock starsbut we wont And were learning that fact. And were very, very, turbulent off. The men in this movie, having their traditional mannish role of breadwinner seemingly denied by feminism and le ft field with nonsensical corporate jobs compensate for this loss of masculinity and control by re-affirming their masculinity for themselves through the only masculine behavior they still can do fighting. According to Jackson Katz One way that the system allows functional class men (of various races) the opportunity for what Brod refers to as masculine identity validation is through the use of their body as an instrument of role, dominance, and control.For working-class staminates, who have less access to more abstract forms of masculinity-validating power (economic power, workplace authority), the physical body and its potential for violence provide a concrete means of achieving and assert manhood. Bob in like manner fits this description of fighting as compensation for that sense of paralysis pr raseting men from being either a crucial part of society or being able to mixed bag it so that one can be. Through a combination of the treatment for testicular cancer and of chang e magnitude estrogen as a result of his steroid use while a body-builder which Bob was left with unusually large breasts and left him with very little perception or himself as masculine or valuable to anyone. However, Bob later appears in the movie as a member of Fight Club, where he finds that once again he can act like a man and feel as if his masculinity is validated. Jack finds Durdens assertions that the men in their generation have no other way to express their individuality or to free themselves from materialism than to fight each other, and to use their fighting as a method of filling the void left by the removal of worthy roles for men in society.In the beginning of the film Jack is using mail-order catalogs, becoming so obsessed with buying some(prenominal) he sees advertised in them that his orders become an end to themselves. I would flip and wonder, What kind of dining inhabit set defines me as a person? He became so obsessed with obtaining what he saw in the catalogs that he filled up his apartment with furniture and all sorts of other stuff he didnt need. This seems also to address the increasing assertion by advertisements that you can be defined and given a soul by acquiring products. Durden also spoke of this sort of cycle Look at the guys in fight club. The strongest and smartest men who have ever lived and theyre pumping gas and waiting tables or theyre slaves with etiolate collars. Advertising has them chasing cars and clothes. A whole generation working in jobs they hate, just so they can buy shit they dont really need. He was alluding to the shackles that a culture based on accomplishment has on its members, and inviting these members (namely men) to throw off the shackles and prove that they didnt need a better dining style set to define them.All they needed, he assured them, was to fight, and would show their humanity and masculinity through that. During another one of his outcries about the male relationship with society, Durden once came upon a designer clothing billboard featuring a muscular man in jeans and no shirt, and criticized it a good deal like various critics of ads which use unrealistic shows of effeminate beauty to sell products asked, Is this what a real man looks like? After smearing it with blood, he proclaims, Guys packing into the gyms, all trying to look like what Calvin Klein says. Fight club isnt about looking good. Susan Faludi, author of Stiffed the treachery of the American Man calls this sort of ornamental masculinity a major factor in the umbrageous White potent mentality The more I consider what men have losea useful role in public life, a way of earning a decent living, respectful treatment in the culturethe more it seems to me that men are falling into a status oddly equal to that of women at midcentury. The 50s housewife, stripped of her connections to a wider solid ground and invited to fill the void with shopping and the ornamental display of her ultrafeminity, could be said to have morphed into the 90s man, stripped of his connections and invited to fill the void with consumption and a gym-bred display of his ultramasculinity.The empty compensations of a feminine mystique and transforming into the empty compensations of a masculine mystique. Douglas Rushkoff gives his account of the switch from a linear and continuous world to one that was non-linear and discontinuous. Before this switch, middle-class men were seen as valuable and benevolent authority figures who were a tug of society and who always succeeded in bringing home food for the table because his work paid relatively well. The society felt that there was value also in acquiring as many spick-and-span and technologically advanced possessions as possible, which allowed for the men to ensure that their wives would find it enjoyable to expend all of their cogency at home, cooking and vacuuming and buying better things for cooking and vacuuming. In this way men were given the great m ajority of political power and respect. However, the awareness of the corruption in politicians lives from Watergate, the national confusion after a country was able to watch Kennedy assassinated on TV, and possibly the most lasting of all, the first m that ordinary citizens were able to see combat in Vietnam on the nightly news, creating a much more suspicious outlook on the government and military, caused society to become discontinuous.The former male status type was gone along with continuity, replaced by gender equality which prevented men from using the feminine mystique to their advantage, making them less likely to have a dependent wife and family. They lacked that meaning which they had when they were providing for their offspring and mate, to put it in a biological concept, so their motivation to work was largely gone, with consumerism alone unable to fill the void. Their power having toppled, the male now tried to fill this void and prove that he indeed was still a man for society. Consumerism was unable to do that anymore, and so the male body itself, as Jackson Katz said, became the tool. This is shown by the film, in which Tyler Durden attempts to undo the discontinuous society which tells him that he should not have this total control. This is shown by his completely anti-feminist outlook, particularly his insignificant sexual relationship with Marla Singer. Except for their humping, Tyler and Marla were never in the same room Jack relates. Tyler also describes a generation of unaggressive men raised by their mothers, that characterized his peers who grew up in a duration of change magnitude divorce rates and in turn grew up without fathers. The last thing we need is another woman.He gives reason to his masochistic fights and burns by saying that you could create pain for yourself, thereby hitting screwing. He describes it not as a painful and agonizing experience, but a turning point, where you are going to feel excellent after having yo ur teeth knocked out no military issue how bad your station in life is. And so Durdens scheme to create chaos which would then begin society anew, Rushkoff would say, actually was showing that he was trying to mold society around himself. Meanwhile Jack in the end renounces Tylers ideas of violent upheaval, instead deciding that he would accept society as discontinuous and use its discontinuity as part of his life. This film therefore shows the advantage in not letting what happens matter to you such as it would in a linear world. Edward Hermans perceptions of the film would be those of contradiction, largely snap bean around the fact that the movie is marketed and designed to make a profit, yet at the same time it criticizes the idea that you need to buy what society tells you to buy and that material goods are unnecessary to life.He superpower postulate that the companies had realized that a capitalistic meaning promoting conformity doesnt sell, and instead used and anti-capit alistic message of being skeptical of what society and everyone else tells you to make an even greater profit (much like Sprites paradoxical campaign which made fun of soft drink ads, then told people to buy Sprite). he would observe in short not that corporations indeed rejected themselves, but that they now make themselves even more effective by letting people pay to watch them pretend to do so. My own impressions of the movie are that along with its messages on corporations and their relationship with the identity crisis in American men is that it also offered a lot of information on the ultimate problem with taking violence as a way of demonstrating masculinity. This is especially apparent with Bob, who, managed to rediscover his manhood in Fight Club and in Project Mayhem, but was also killed while part of the latter. Following his death, he is spoken of by his comrades as if he had never been human. This is saying that to become part of violence unquestionably despite perceive d acceptance and purpose is to swap one form of denial of yourself for another.Bibliography.Katz, Jackson/ authority on phenomenon of violence and its link to masculinity and cultural trends creating this phenomenon/ Advertising and the Construction of Violent White Masculinity This article discussed the use of violence by white men as a tool to regain power they feel to be lost to other groups. Discusses overuse of portrayals of violence and its symbols in advertising. Faludi, Susan/ author of Backlash and Stiffed The Betrayal of the American Man, a change editor for Newsweek, The Betrayal of the American Man, At Ground Zero of the Masculinity Crisis, The Ornamental Culture, Beyond the administration of Confrontation Newsweek, (09-13-99) Its Thelma and Louise for Guys, Newsweek (10-25-99) These articles discuss how men have reacted to the identity crisis from their loss of job status and expresses that much of it comes from a youthful image of manhood impossible to attain and in the latter relates such phenomena to the film. Fletcher, Kim, Male Fantasies The Spectator (11-20-99) Much like Faludi in that it concludes that film is the result of male feelings of inadequacy in modern culture addressing the question of how to react. Rushkoff, Douglas/ author of Media Virus and Playing the early among others content take from excerpts of Playing the Future This book describes the cultural evolution caused by the digital age and resulting in adopting non-linear thought and in chaos mathematics. Herman, Edward/ linguistics professor at MIT, comrade of Noam Chomsky The Propaganda Model Revisited from Capitalism and the Information Age This essay enlightens as to the role producers and reporters personal biases and more particularly of their desire for profit plays in how the media portrays certain events or whether they even mention certain events at all. Braun, Bill, Auto dealership vandal released after finishing bootcamp, World Staff generator final home editi on (date not given) This, among other articles, outlined or mentioned the violent and anti-social effects that the film seemed to have on the younger adults and adolescents, such as forming their own little fight clubs or vandalism. Uhls, Jim Fight Club screenplay available at http//geocities.com/scifiscripts/scripts/fight_- club_shoot.txt

Health&Safety in Childcare

While the free essays preempt give you inspiration for writing, they cannot be utilise as is because they will not meet your assignments requirements. If you are in a time crunch, then you consume a custom written term paper on your subject (child forethought) Here you can withdraw an independent writer/researcher to custom write you an authentic essay to your specifications that will pass any(prenominal) plagiarism test (e. g. Turnitin). Waste no more time Tantrums, mealtimes, whingeing, disobedience, bullying, stress, loss of patience, sibling rivalry and peculiar(a) eating all contribute to at home parents requiring time out.As for working parents, everyday they version themselves to financially support their families whilst as well as worry about the effects their absence will have on their child or children. So whats a parent to do? Give up any expect of returning to work? Continue slaving away at home as they become increasingly raring(p) and angry at their child? A bandon your child to the clutches of any Tom, Dick, or Jane who hangs up a childcare shingle? Beg your aging parents to give up lawn bowling and golf in prefer of spending type time with their precious grandchild?Difficult as it can be to find quality childcare, the situation isnt quite as dismal as you might think. While you might have to rig your sights short of finding a real-life Mary Poppins, you dont have to settle for any of the scary characters who regularly influence their rounds on our television sets every night. In today s society there are many another(prenominal) options parents can take when it comes to childcare. When considering which choice to take it is vitally important to make sure their child s needs are meet. Children s physical, emotional, social and intellectual needs must be met if they are to obtain and develop towards their full potential.Whether at home or in some form of childcare, children require essentials such as love, security, praise and re cognition, responsibility and space to explore and learn new things. Alternative options for childcare let in a baby-sitter an individual who comes to your home and watches your child / children on an irregular basis. In most cases they are a local teenager with no special training. However, most schools and girls clubs now offer training courses in baby-sitting, first aid and infant / toddler CPR. au pair (mainly in America) A foreign visitant who wishes to experience another way of life.In most cases the individual is from another country and live with the family and apprehend a salary. Duties include light housework and childcare in which they work under the supervision of the parents and may or may not have any training. Au pairs provide up to 45 hours of childcare per week, on top of room and board, they generally receive approximately $115 to $125 per week. Families are also responsible for paying $500 per year toward an au pairs tuition costs and $3950 to participate in the program- a fee that covers recruitment expenses, air transportation, training, insurance, and support from a community counsellor. nanny A childcare specializer who has special training in childcare, health and safety, and nutrition.Duties are childcare and domestic tasks relating to childcare, depending on your individual family needs, you can obtain a live in nanny or not. A nanny may be full or part time and must be over the age of 18. Their fees range from $2000 to $4000 per calendar month (plus room and board, if applicable) with many also expecting you to provide them with a car allowance and/or the use of the family vehicle. ay care/family childcare Care for infants and preschool children in the caregivers home. day care center and day nursery Care for infants and preschool children. It may be located in the caregivers home or in another location. The center is licensed and the mental faculty have to meet your states required minimum for training and adult / child ra tio. The cost is approximately $30 per day for an infant, $28 per day for a toddler, and $24 per day for a preschooler.

Mail-Room Policy Recommendations

Park University Mail service Department is situated in the underground of Parkville Campus. It is a body that is responsible for providing students and faculties with transmit boxes. At Park University, it is indispensable of both students and faculties to have a stake box on campus so as to know the recipient of incoming packages. They overly offer hit opportunities for students who are looking for a product line on campus. My focus for this report get out be on the employees. As an employee, mail-room is known for its diligence and hard field of study among the employees. Each employee tends to provide students, staff and faculties the best operate and however, they flip sure that their needs are met.Complaints was received from the University concerning the poor and ineffective work provided by this surgical incision but I find this disgruntling because each mailroom employees posture in their effort in doing what was taught to them by their supervisors and doing their job accurately and effectively.I conducted a question using terms from other resources on mail rooms and my major focus will be on the mail-room employees and the importance of complaint negateance from the University. I in addition inter watch overed whizz of my co-workers about the conundrums mail-room encounter and what should be done in order to elude them in the future.As a result, I found out that separation of duties among the employees, good parley, Effective supervisions, punctuality and Employee training are the primeval components of avoiding mistakes, and complaints. The above mentioned are the alternate solutions that should be applied by the employees.There are several Departments at Park University and one of the departments that I conducted my research on was Park University Mail Services. Park University mail services aim at providing the highest quality and most efficient services to their customers. In my report, my main focus was on the employees.Empl oyees at mail-room are responsible for performing a variety of generally routine tasks, such as receiving packages from different courier services, Entering data into the placement, Forwarding students mail, sorting mail, preparing mail for distribution and preparing mail for instrument processing. The objective of these employees is to meet ensure that excellence services are provided to the students, efficacy and staff and as well(p) to come sure that they perform their tasks as employees accurately. There are numerous centres of employees who work at the mail services and yet complaints have been made regarding the poor efficiency and small-scaleer productivity by these employees.As an employee, this department is the most hardworking department but there are some problems that need to be addressed and this will help increase productivity in the department. My duty as an employee is to put in my best and make sure that I see in processing mail, entering data into the syst em and make sure that metered mails are taken out on time.In my findings concerning the poor efficiency and low productivity, the problem they encounter embroils non separation of duties which makes the employees reluctant to work because e realone does a little or no work at all and this has been an issue that Park U mail room faces and reversing these issues needs to be put into consideration by the supervisor. Moreover, ineffective intercourse, non-punctuality at work and inadequate supervision contributed to the problems they face as well. No amount of work could be achieved with all these issues and these issues could also ruin the reputation of the department. After considering these issues, I looked at ways that will help resolve the problems which would be further discussed.The purpose of my research is to provide incidental solutions to the problems we experience at work and the importance of mistake avoidance in the future. The following illustrates my conducted research 1. To adjust the solution to our problems, we need to change how we communicate atwork because communication is very important at the work. I used an article from 2012 which talks about effective communication at workplace. I also referenced a textbook from my management class that discusses on theimportance of communication among the employee members.2. Again, I research on the importance of separation of duties among employee members. I used an article from 2012 about separation of duties among the employees.3. I also researched on the importance of supervision at workplace and I found an articlefrom Ebsco by Jenkinson & Hilary on the importance and benefits of supervision andthis article explore the concept of supervision and its implementation within a4. Finally, after analyzing the researched information, I conducted a recommendation5. Punctuality is a nonher way of resolving the issues we encounter at the mail-room.Effective communication is very important most especially at the workplace because it provides the employees abilities to work well and to avoid inaccuracies. From my work experience at the mailroom, I observed that ineffective communication has been a major problem and this has led to so many mistakes. At times, we find it difficult to ask questions about either what we dont reckon that involves shipping international packages or questions of which department to put the letter mails which they sometimes end up in a wrong departmental mail box number. consort to an article published in house 2012, Indian Stream Research journal, it illustrates the importance of effective communication at workplace. Effective workplace communication is essential to the organizations success. Our communication skills help us to understand not just words we share meaning, emotion, feelings and attitude, in a fundamental drive to communicate. This emphasizes the process of coming to understand and share each others point of view effectively (Satpathy, 2012). Fu rthermore, communication is an act of exchanging information. It is used to inform command, instruct, influence and persuade people (Rue & Byars, 2009). Effective communication at the workplace creates a way to deal effectively with customers and co-workers. Thus, this needs to apply in the occasional life of the employees at the mail-room as this help avoid making further mistakes in mails handling and will also increase productivity.Separation of duties is another key component of getting mails done in a very fast manner. In Berkeley News article about separation of duties, it is a powerful inner(a) control and its objective is to make sure that duties are assigned to individuals in a manner that no one individuals can control a process or work from the start to the finish (Webmaster, 2011). every Tom, Dick, and Harry infrequently makes mistakes and no individual is perfect and thus Separation of duties provides a complementary reverse by another individual.By assigning each em ployee a task such as fortune customers at the window, forwarding undergraduate student mails, processing incoming and outgoing mails, receiving packages and sending email to students, faculty and staff about the arrival of their packages will help in getting the work done on time and efficiently.Apart from Park U, other universities and organizations use separation of duties at their workplace and this allows an opportunity for somebody to catch an error before a transaction is fully executed based on potentially erroneous data. In addition, having adequate separation of duties diminishes the opportunity factor that might encourage an employee to embezzle although there is no such at the mail-room. I strongly suggest that we apply this method at our workplace so as to lessen employees reluctant to work and expecting one person to do the job.Poor Supervision leads to massive mistakes and thus should be avoided by the supervisors. Rather, supervisors at the mail-room should supervis e their employees constantly and ensure that they are performing their tasks perfectly.According to the authors of Youth and Services article, they article explores the concept of supervision and its implementation within a work environment. The article describes and explores a process of staff development facilitated which involved providing supervision training to a group of unsanded work practitioners (Jenkinson, 2009). However, supervising employees on a regular basis is very crucial at the mail-room because of the amount of work the employees do and how they put in their effort to avoid making errors. For example, the new employees at the moorage should be monitored constantly by our supervisors and also assist them by answering questions asked by the new employees.Punctuality is one of the mail-room policies and nonetheless employees always fail to abide by this policy. Being punctual to work has not only being a major problem among Park U mail-room employees but also Rockef eller University struggles with the comparable issue of punctuality among their work study employees. Punctuality is one of the key basic of knowing a strong worker and how dedicated he or she is to job. Many at times, we tussle with waking up in the morning and making decisions of whether or not to report to work and by the time we make this decision, we found our ourselves 15 minutes to work.One of our obligations as employees is to be punctual at work and to assist our customers with their needs of either mailing or receiving packages and also to ensure that we assist them to their satisfaction. As complained by the university, it is required of every employee to report to their respective work at least 5 minutes early earlier to their time of work. Therefore, employees at the mail-room should abide the rules.As a conclusion, it has been proven that the mentioned issues in the beginning are very important and therefore should be taken seriously by the employees to avoid errors and further complaints by the University. As an employee, mail-room is known for its diligence and hard work among the employees. Each employee tends to provide students, staff and faculties the best services and however, they make sure that their needs are met. Thus, we should consider these issues we encounter in the office and make reformation as this would help prevent further complaints by either our supervisor or by the university.

Choose two scenes from Shakespeare’s ‘Macbeth’ Essay

At the placeset of this scene, we are qualified to ascertain due(p) to the careful sculpturing of Shakespeares, that peeress Macbeth is a virtual(a) kind of women from what is emanated from her soliloquy, who is imbued with an aura of insecurity full of con do-nothingation for her keep ups dangerous ploy.She is ever weary of the fatal bellman who would signal the demise of her husband with the sternst goodnight thus far here we can see the interwoven theme of death occurring with the allusion to the toll of the bell staff out typeface the cell of those condemned at Newgate Prison. This would too appeal to those in Jacobean times due to the sure fixation with treason and the Gunpowder p swarm to eradicate the king, serving as a foc development stratagem to grab the listenings vigilance.As wench Macbeth waits, the dramatic tension builds even once Macbeth enters the chamber, as he cries whos there? At this point, she could be pacing the room, looking apprehensive also in the dark, which would so far contribute to the effect when Macbeth enters nerve-wracking to establish where she is. This would also serve in the general timidity of the scene, as madam Macbeth is held in suspense for the outcome of the murder, the auditory modality focalisation solely on her. excessively in order to eliminate the need of special effects, this scene could be off grade until Lady Macbeth bursts in and meets Macbeth.The language employ would add to the general confusion and tantalising suspense with Lady Macbeth and Macbeth trying to affirm what happened as succinctly as possible using words such as when and how, adding to the push dramatic tension caused from Macbeths return. Macbeth here is depicted as frightened, for case of arousing those who would sound the alarm, hark he cries.However as Macbeth tries to denigrate himself by verbalise this is a sorry sight reflecting on his men we can see the bolstering of spirit by Lady Macbeth who dismisses it as a foolish thinking. present once more as at the outset of the scene we can see Lady Macbeths practical nature being manifested, which is also seen further on when she returns the daggers, the determination, which she exemplifies, is also seen in Act 1. context 5, where she pacifies Macbeth verbalise leave all to me.Macbeth by contrast is asphyxiated with the thought of quietude another theme invoked thought a characters actions, seen in this scene, as Macbeths feels due to his actions, he wont be able to sleep the innocent sleep. This theme is further emphasised by the repetition of sleep no more. withal religious issues are aroused disallowing him to say Amen which under the Divine Right Of Kings should be uttered freely. collectable to his contravention of the Right, he is despised of the reverential features.These two features culminate to signal the slow disarray of the mental tell in Macbeth in a gradual downward spiral in mental adulteration as he tries to control hi s ways however is adamant to look on murder again I dare not. Lady Macbeth is then faced with re round the daggers, with residual feelings of vexation for Macbeth. She dismisses his excuse using a metaphor are but as pictures pertaining to the occurrence that his fears are figments of the imagination like soulfulness in childhood really trying to humiliate Macbeth for who he is. Lady Macbeth uses words such as gilt and grooms which would infer a marital sense being eluded to in the breakdown of birth and the overlaying of nearlything new, however the words are used here in a negative sense.Despite Lady Macbeths plausible efforts to banish all evidence from their presence in taking the daggers back, she in fact reach herself with the killing of Duncan with the blood on her hands. We can see the effects later on in the execute when she is sleep walking she cries out damned spot this could only point back to this scene, which is a turning point from which she never escapes, and M acbeth and Lady Macbeth almost amalgamate into one.Again we have in the latter single-valued function of this scene a knocking which not only is used as a dramatic whatchamacallit in a quiet scene but also as a knell to show from now on they must suffer the consequences for their actions. The stage would be dark and quiet with a loud-mouthed muffled pounding on the door resonating throughout the stage, the audience being caught up in this climatic suspense, trying to emulate what the two were feeling.Not only do we have this dramatic wile used but also the theme of blood further intimated to wash this blood would further lose ones temper the overall tension. We can see further allusion to blood in Act 2. Scene 3, badged with blood which is a predominate theme running through this scene.As the knocking grows ever closer Lady Macbeth keeps her calm and is not shaken by the knocking she seeks to disembalm them from the murder she says a little water which would usually hint puri ty. This is an example of dramatic irony, in water being used to cleanse them from their part in this deed, disdain the abhorrence of such sin in the sight of purity.She is a stark contrast in character portrayal to Macbeth who is fretting for fear of being found out along with the settling apprehension of what hes done as he says of Duncan he would wake him would thou couldst portraying to the audience a change of mind within Macbeth who seeks to resurrect King Duncan however has to face the solemn fact he cant.At the outset of this next scene I wish to look at we see Lady Macbeth and Macbeth for the first time depicted with their elevated social circle enjoying those with whom they associate with in a banquet to commemorate their regal status. Macbeth tries to paint this false faade in an attempt to throw in the towel any animosity from being portrayed but then jeopardises his ploy at being the sink host a subtle use of initial rhyme, by using the word play. This would infer a blase state pertaining to a change as we can see in the latter part of the scene.A theme of appearance and reality is intimated here due to Macbeths appearance being a discern inverse to his inner thoughts, in seeking to veto Banquos life yet trying to inebriate himself in an unostentatious way. Which also could be perceived as dramatic irony.Macbeth at this early stage in the scene is fairly composed, however we can observe a gradual change as he meets with the murders, he then asks if Banquo has been Dispatched. Shakespeares ingenious use of the word could allude to two things, which is also linked with Act 1. Scene 5. In this instance it is used ostensibly to discern whether Banquo has been killed, however it is used earlier in the play in the sense of being efficacious in the ploy of Lady Macbeth, as regards to the demise of Banquo.This initial part of the scene could be staged with Macbeth consulting with the murders, behind an opaque masking which the audience could see, but not those at table, alluring to the secrecy of the situation contrasting with the revelry exit on round the table. This would also draw the audiences attention away from the table focusing them on Macbeth who is the pivotal one in this scene.Macbeths innate fears are seen in his speech sayingIm cabined, cribbed, confined bound in to saucy doubts and fears Macbeth has no consolation, he is alone in his distress without the help of his wife on whom he so heavily relied, floundering for what to do next. The use of alliteration would make it even more emphatic, like a caged animal who has no hope, and it is here we are able to discern the pressure amounting infused with a weakness of mind, heralding the decline in mental degradation.It is then we have the immersion of Banquos ghost, a dramatic device building up tension even before Macbeth notices. In a modern day t heating systemre to resemble a ghost would be a lot easier than in the Jacobean times, due to exquisite special effe cts which would captivate a modern audience, than those in afore times. Due to the lack of equipment to super impose, a ghost possibly couldnt have been staged exempt for some one dressing up, however todays sophisticated lighting could produce a realistic effect which would further add to the aura of tension emanating from this scene.Whilst Macbeth is in a quandary more or less where to sit, he is trying to banish this horrific sight from his mind he cannot abstain from saying neer shake they gory locks at me, he simply cant tolerate the image any longer, whether this arose from the heat oppressed brain it is ambiguous, however Macbeth is firmly convicted of this terrible apparition which has come to taunt him.It is here Lady Macbeth steps in dismissing his accusations as very paintings of your fear we can see again the practical side co-insiding with the portrayal in Act 2. Scene 2, alluring to the fact she is the dominant one in their traffichip trying to bolster Macbeth amids t such breakdownAnother theme of blood is made manifest in Macbeths speech here and later on when Banquos ghost reappears blood hath been shed, however he is bemused using metaphorical language there is a ghost sayingThe brains were outthen man would diean end. Macbeth fails to grasp the concept of raising an apparition once a psyche has died. This however is an allusion to the further submergence in mental ruination as Macbeth elapses further into an irreparable state of mind.The ghost then makes a second appearance, more dramatic tension, filling the audience with a further sense of fear building up to a crescendo when Macbeth confronts the ghost. However we also see some dramatic irony emanating from his speech as he uses animal imagery, armed rhinoceroses. This is quite strange, as animals would make up a harmonic state of things, where as the thing Macbeth is describing is of a total contrast, used to emphasis the baneful sight of Banquos ghost.The scene then draws to a clos e, alluring to the Divine Right Of Kings, along with religious issues invoked blood will have blood. This would also link back to the old Hebraic saying earth who lives by the word will die by the sword Macbeth has slighted the ways of the universe, the equilibrium has been altered,Stones have been know to move the hierachery of the heavens has been changed by false means in the demise of Duncan. Macbeth will have to reap what is sowed linking back to Act 2. Scene 2.Also mystics are pertained to in Macbeths speechUnderstood relations by maggot-pies, who had premonitions for the future beholding it in birds. Also reference to biblical saying body to dust could be pertained to by reference of maggots referring to earthen things and ultimately death, which Macbeth will have to face. This would really captivate the attention of those in Jacobean times more effectively than those of the modern day, as they believed the supernatural, Shakespeare integrating it to focus the audience on Ma cbeth.The scene culminates in a theme of sleep linking back to Act 2 Scene 2, in Macbeth thinking this is the root of this self abuse however he says unsalted in deed would reflect his mentality that he has further obstacles to clear to stop them hampering his seemingly aspiring progress, despite such denigration.